CPreme® Graphite Surface Coating Technology
CPreme® Graphite has a uniform, homogenous, graphite-on-graphite surface coating. Each particle is individually coated after the final particle size is established. The proprietary surface coating technology produces smooth particle surfaces with minimal roughness, irregularities or discontinuities, thus reducing the surface area of the particles. This technology yields batteries with improved thermal stablity and maximized first-cycle coulombic efficiency.

CPreme® Graphite Particle Morphology
Processing of CPreme® Graphite material is optimized to yield particles with a smooth surface and rounded edges. The rounded morphology of CPreme® Graphite particles offers elevated structural integrity and reduces surface area. Each particle is a singular coated entity, less prone to structural deterioration during cycling, which may eliminate the need for costly electrolyte additives.

Low Surface Area
The surface area reduction achieved with CPreme® Graphite coating and particle morphology technology is substantial. It provides lower surface area for a given particle size than competitive materials.

Safety
When subjected to high temperatures, our experiments show that CPreme® Graphite in the charged state evolves a lower amount of heat compared to other anode materials.

Because of the particles smooth surface, CPreme® Graphite has a thinner SEI (surface electrolyte interface) layer than that of other benchmark graphites, leading to high first-cycle efficiency and low heat generation, making an overall safer battery.

High Rate Capacity
CPreme® Graphite materials offer battery manufacturers many advantages over other traditional materials, particularly in high rate applications. CPreme® Graphite provides exceptional retention of capacity at high discharge rates. Conventional materials and most artificial graphite tend to experience significantly greater capacity fading at elevated C-rates. This is particularly evident at low temperatures where anode performance is critical.

Long Cycle Life
CPreme® Graphite particles are singular particulate entities of controlled size distribution (not "assembled" from smaller particles which could be susceptible to breakdown under cycling). CPreme® Graphite also exhibits a smooth surface and rounded morphology which produces a more stable SEI layer. Laboratory demonstration cells show CPreme® G5 Graphite cycle life compares favorably to MCMB.